ISSUE INFORMATION

Free Access

Issue Information

  • Pages: 941-947
  • First Published: 26 October 2022

EDITORIALS

Open Access

PMN-MDSC in newborns: Regulation of the regulators

  • Pages: 949-950
  • First Published: 10 August 2022
PMN-MDSC in newborns: Regulation of the regulators
Graphical Abstract

Discussion on molecular mechanisms that regulate beneficial functions of transiently induced PMN-MDSC in newborn mice

Open Access

Put them to bed, and “do not disturb” brain microglia in SIV infection

  • Pages: 951-953
  • First Published: 16 August 2022
Put them to bed, and “do not disturb” brain microglia in SIV infection
Graphical Abstract

Discussion on the distinct brain myeloid cell response pathways in a study of SIV infection reveals a variable return of microglial homeostasis with virus suppression.

SPOTLIGHT ON LEADING EDGE RESEARCH

Free Access

Mechanisms regulating transitory suppressive activity of neutrophils in newborns: PMNs-MDSCs in newborns

  • Pages: 955-968
  • First Published: 21 June 2022
Mechanisms regulating transitory suppressive activity of neutrophils in newborns: PMNs-MDSCs in newborns
Graphical Abstract

A mechanism of temporal control of PMN-MDSC in newborns identified that involves lactoferrin mediated positive and type I interferon mediated negative regulation.

Open Access

Antiretroviral therapy restores the homeostatic state of microglia in SIV-infected rhesus macaques

  • Pages: 969-981
  • First Published: 10 June 2022
Antiretroviral therapy restores the homeostatic state of microglia in SIV-infected rhesus macaques
Graphical Abstract

ScRNA-seq of rhesus monkey microglia reveals clusters of cells in activated states in the setting of SIV infection, which is primarily reversed by suppressing viremia with combination antiretroviral therapy.

REVIEWS

Open Access

Physiologic roles of P2 receptors in leukocytes

  • Pages: 983-1012
  • First Published: 15 July 2022
Physiologic roles of P2 receptors in leukocytes
Graphical Abstract

Review of how purinergic P2 receptors expression and activation in leukocytes control the development of inflammation, infectious diseases, and pain.

Free Access

Metabolic regulation of type 2 immune response during tissue repair and regeneration

  • Pages: 1013-1023
  • First Published: 23 May 2022
Metabolic regulation of type 2 immune response during tissue repair and regeneration
Graphical Abstract

Review on the metabolic regulation of immune cells involved in type 2 immunity and the role of these cells in tissue repair.

Free Access

Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy

  • Pages: 1025-1040
  • First Published: 11 October 2022
Immune senescence and periodontitis: From mechanism to therapy
Graphical Abstract

: Review on the effects of immune cells and immune senescence on periodontitis.

Free Access

Galectin-3 as a biomarker in breast neoplasms: Mechanisms and applications in patient care

  • Pages: 1041-1052
  • First Published: 20 September 2022
Galectin-3 as a biomarker in breast neoplasms: Mechanisms and applications in patient care
Graphical Abstract

Review of the mechanisms involved in galectin-3 breast neoplasms promotion through the tumor microenvironment.

COVID-19 INITIATIVE

Free Access

Single-cell immune profiling reveals long-term changes in myeloid cells and identifies a novel subset of CD9+ monocytes associated with COVID-19 hospitalization

  • Pages: 1053-1063
  • First Published: 22 July 2022
Single-cell immune profiling reveals long-term changes in myeloid cells and identifies a novel subset of CD9+ monocytes associated with COVID-19 hospitalization
Graphical Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lasting changes in the myeloid cell compartment, and novel monocyte subsets, distinguished by expression of CD9 and Slan, correlate with COVID-19 severity.

CELL DEVELOPMENT, DIFFERENTIATION AND TRAFFICKING

Free Access

Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells

  • Pages: 1065-1077
  • First Published: 30 June 2022
Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells
Graphical Abstract

Ginsenoside Rg1 exerted an alleviating effect on SI-AKI, likely resulting from the inhibition of ferroptosis in renal TECs through FSP1.

RECEPTORS, SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND GENES

Free Access

IL-17A produced by invariant natural killer T cells and CD3+CD56+αGalcer-CD1d tetramer T cells promote liver fibrosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis

  • Pages: 1079-1087
  • First Published: 22 June 2022
IL-17A produced by invariant natural killer T cells and CD3+CD56+αGalcer-CD1d tetramer– T cells promote liver fibrosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis
Graphical Abstract

Since IL-17A was produced by invariant natural killer T cells and CD3+CD56+αGalcer-CD1d tetramer- T cells promote PBC-related fibrosis, they could be potentially used as a novel target for immunotherapy in the patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

INFLAMMATION, EXTRACELLULAR MEDIATORS AND EFFECTOR MOLECULES

Free Access

BRAF-V600E utilizes posttranscriptional mechanisms to amplify LPS-induced TNFα production in dendritic cells in a mouse model of Langerhans cell histiocytosis

  • Pages: 1089-1104
  • First Published: 01 June 2022
BRAF-V600E utilizes posttranscriptional mechanisms to amplify LPS-induced TNFα production in dendritic cells in a mouse model of Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Graphical Abstract

Hyperactive ERK signaling alters the DC translatome and TACE activity to amplify inflammatory responses to TLR4 stimuli, potentially contributing to inflammation in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in mice.

Open Access

IL-7 induces type 2 cytokine response in lung ILC2s and regulates GATA3 and CD25 expression

  • Pages: 1105-1113
  • First Published: 23 May 2022
IL-7 induces type 2 cytokine response in lung ILC2s and regulates GATA3 and CD25 expression
Graphical Abstract

IL-7 is required for optimal IL-5, IL-13 and amphiregulin production in ILC2s during influenza/A infection; additionally, IL-7 regulates GATA3 in lung and bone marrow ILC2s.

HOST DEFENSE AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Free Access

IgM+ and IgM memory B cells represent heterogeneous populations capable of producing class-switched antibodies and germinal center B cells upon rechallenge with P. yoelii

  • Pages: 1115-1135
  • First Published: 03 June 2022
IgM+ and IgM– memory B cells represent heterogeneous populations capable of producing class-switched antibodies and germinal center B cells upon rechallenge with P. yoelii
Graphical Abstract

IgM+ and IgM- MBCs that co-express CD73 and CD80 can differentiate into plasmablasts and germinal center B cells after re-challenge with P. yoelii.

Open Access

Notch regulates Histoplasma capsulatum clearance in mouse lungs during innate and adaptive immune response phases in primary infection

  • Pages: 1137-1154
  • First Published: 23 May 2022
Notch regulates Histoplasma capsulatum clearance in mouse lungs during innate and adaptive immune response phases in primary infection
Graphical Abstract

Notch signaling dictates the function of dendritic cells and monocytes/macrophages in fungal infection.

TRANSLATIONAL AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

Open Access

Gender-dependent frequency of unconventional T cells in a healthy adult Caucasian population: A combinational study of invariant NKT cells, γδ T cells, and mucosa-associated invariant T cells

  • Pages: 1155-1165
  • First Published: 19 May 2022
Gender-dependent frequency of unconventional T cells in a healthy adult Caucasian population: A combinational study of invariant NKT cells, γδ T cells, and mucosa-associated invariant T cells
Graphical Abstract

Gender bias was investigated in frequency of unconventional T cells altogether, iNKT and γδ T cells showed gender dependent differences, unlike MAIT cells.

Free Access

Early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ T lymphocytes as a biomarker for short and long-term outcomes in older patients with pneumonia

  • Pages: 1183-1190
  • First Published: 23 June 2022
Early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ T lymphocytes as a biomarker for short and long-term outcomes in older patients with pneumonia
Graphical Abstract

Increased levels of early differentiated CD28+ CD27+ T lymphocytes at admission for pneumonia in older people is a predictor of better survival and no hospital readmission.

SYSTEM BIOLOGY AND IMMUNOGENETICS

Free Access

In silico design of a TLR4-mediating multiepitope chimeric vaccine against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis via advanced immunoinformatics

  • Pages: 1191-1207
  • First Published: 16 June 2022
In silico design of a TLR4-mediating multiepitope chimeric vaccine against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis via advanced immunoinformatics
Graphical Abstract

Use of reverse vaccinology techniques to target multiple commonly misfolded proteins in ALS, such as SOD-1 and TDP-43.

INFLAMMATION, EXTRACELLULAR MEDIATORS AND EFFECTOR MOLECULES

Meeting: Targeted Science Issue - Macrophage Infection by HIV 2021

Guest Editors: Kiera Clayton, Janice Clements, and Mario Stevenson

REVIEWS

Open Access

Advancing basic and translational research to deepen understanding of the molecular immune-mediated mechanisms regulating long-term persistence of HIV-1 in microglia in the adult human brain

  • Pages: 1223-1231
  • First Published: 25 May 2022
Advancing basic and translational research to deepen understanding of the molecular immune-mediated mechanisms regulating long-term persistence of HIV-1 in microglia in the adult human brain
Graphical Abstract

Review focuses on human post-mitotic monocyte-derived microglia-like cells as tools to advance research on HIV persistence and neuroinflammatory signaling.

Free Access

Role of macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and cure: NIH perspectives

  • Pages: 1233-1243
  • First Published: 08 September 2022
Role of macrophages in HIV pathogenesis and cure: NIH perspectives
Graphical Abstract

Overview of interests and activities of NIH institutes involved in supporting research on macrophages and HIV

Free Access

Clearance of HIV-1 or SIV reservoirs by promotion of apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy: Targeting intracellular molecules in cure-directed strategies

  • Pages: 1245-1259
  • First Published: 31 March 2022
Clearance of HIV-1 or SIV reservoirs by promotion of apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy: Targeting intracellular molecules in cure-directed strategies
Graphical Abstract

Review on mechanisms for selective elimination of host cells harboring replication-competent HIV by a combination of latency reversal with inhibition of pro-survival anti-apoptotic molecules and autophagy.

Free Access

Mechanisms of HIV-1 cell-to-cell transfer to myeloid cells

  • Pages: 1261-1271
  • First Published: 31 March 2022
Mechanisms of HIV-1 cell-to-cell transfer to myeloid cells
Graphical Abstract

Review of the mechanisms involved in HIV-1 cell-to-cell transfer to myeloid cells.

Open Access

Current strategies to induce selective killing of HIV-1-infected cells

  • Pages: 1273-1284
  • First Published: 16 June 2022
Current strategies to induce selective killing of HIV-1-infected cells
Graphical Abstract

Overview of current strategies to kill HIV-1-infected cells.

Open Access

Animal models for studies of HIV-1 brain reservoirs

  • Pages: 1285-1295
  • First Published: 31 August 2022
Animal models for studies of HIV-1 brain reservoirs
Graphical Abstract

Review on recent rodent models that contain both human myeloid and T cells for future therapeutics and viral elimination investigations in CNS.

Open Access

Shock and kill within the CNS: A promising HIV eradication approach?

  • Pages: 1297-1315
  • First Published: 23 September 2022
Shock and kill within the CNS: A promising HIV eradication approach?
Graphical Abstract

Review on the obstacles and limitations of using the shock and kill strategy to eradicate the HIV CNS reservoir.

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Free Access

Morphine disrupts macrophage functions even during HIV infection

  • Pages: 1317-1328
  • First Published: 07 October 2022
Morphine disrupts macrophage functions even during HIV infection
Graphical Abstract

: Morphine with or without ART dysregulates functions of primary human macrophages which may contribute to neuropathogenesis in opioid users living with HIV.

Open Access

HIV-1-induced type I IFNs promote viral latency in macrophages

  • Pages: 1343-1356
  • First Published: 19 May 2022
HIV-1-induced type I IFNs promote viral latency in macrophages
Graphical Abstract

The molecular mechanisms by which macrophages induce HIV-1 latency were identified.